Calculating-machine.



w. w. HOPKINS.

CALCUEATING MACHINE.

APPL|CAT|0N.FILED JULY 31. 1909.

1,153,386., PatentedSept.14, 1915.

1 swans-sneer 1.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO., WASHINGTON D c W. W. HOPKNS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 31. 1909.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASH1NGTDN, D. C.

W. W. HOPKINS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 31. 1909.

1 1 53,386 Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

1 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 60.,WASl-IINOTON, D. C.

w. w. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 31, 1909.

1,153,386. Patented se t. 14, 1915.

1 swans-shin 4.

MIA/[5.558%- JAM/705+ I L mP/rM/s. W El m A PLANOGRAPH co., w/tsH|NGTON,n. c.

w. w. HOPKINS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FlL ED JULY 31. 1999.

1,153,386. PatentedSept. 14, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

W. W. HOPKINS.

CKLCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY'SI, 1909.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

1 SHEETS-S HEET I.

w. w. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED lULYSh 1909.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRKPH CO-, WASHINGTON, D. C

- UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE. P wILLInMw. HOPKINS, or sT. Louis,ivnssouai, nss enoa To ivroon-iiorxms Ermine MACHINE commun on sr;Louis, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION.

T aZZ whomz't may concern: o

Be it known that'I, WILLIAM W. Hore KINS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new andusefullmprovement'in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilledin the art:to which 7 it appertains to make and use the same,refmachine. Fig. elis an enlarged side elevational view of certain ofthe parts located at-the rear of the machine. Fig. .5 is a rearelevational vlew ofthe parts shown in Fig.

- 4.. (Fig. 6 is a detailed elevational view of part of the multiplezero mechanism. Fig. 7

is a top plan View of the parts shown in Fig.

5. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of part of the multiple'zero mechanism.-Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view on line 99, Fig. 8.

Fig.10 is a plan View of the traveling cartion Serial No. 310,739 filedby Hubert I'IOP'. kins inUnited States Patent Ofiice on or travelingcarriage and its setting-up pins riage. Fig; 11 is a sectional view online 11-11, Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a detailed view of one of the plates'forholding the setting up pins in position. Fig. 13 isa detailed View ofone of the setting up pins. Fig-1 l is asectional view on line 1&14,Fig. 10.;

Thisinvention relates to a newjimprovement in calculating machines ofthat type illustrated inv Belgian Patent No. 202,081 dated August 21,1907 and also in applicaabout, April 9, 1906.

Theconstruction and operation of'the resembles somewhat the travelingcarriage struct such a machinein asimple manner" disclosed in acompanion application filed by inc-April 9, 1909, No; 488,883, and Itherefore do not in this present application claim the constructiondisclosed companying' application.

'My present inventioninvolves an adding and listing, machine, combinedwith a typewriting mechanism, theobject being to conin the ac-CALCULATING-MACHINE.

. Specification ofgLetters Patent. Patented Sept, 14,' 1915.

I Application filed July 31,1909, Serial No. 510,618. I

1 employing a few number of parts, particularly in the adding machinedepartment. Another object is to provide .an adding machine of the tenkey type with multiple .zero mechanism.

I make no claimqin this application for any feature of improvement oftypewriting mechanism. 0 v

I have omitted in this application the multiplying, subtracting anddecimal de vices in use upon the Moon-Hopkins billing machine-by whichthe machine of said Hopkins Belgian patent aforesaidyis commerclallyknown. It is obvious, however,

that these features can be added-to the ma-:

chine shown in the accompanying drawing if desired. 1 P p v I am awareof the patent to Victor Stroh,

No. 829,357 dated August 21, 1906, which illustrates and describes amultiple zero mechanism for ten key adding machines, but my presentimprovement differs essentially from said Stroh arrangement aswillhereinafter .more fully' appear. i-

In the drawings 1: indicates the baseiof.

the machine; 2 are'typewriter keys; 3 is the space key for thetypewriter; 4 the platen on which the paper is supported, the printingtype of the typewriting mechanism and of the adding mechanism makingprinting impressions thereon;

5. are the digit keys of the adding machine upon the ends of key bars 6pivoted at 7 The rear ends of thesekeys pass under a bar 8 carried byarms 9 mounted upon rock shaft 10 arranged in hearings on the base ofthe machine. Whenever any of the digit keys in group A- is depressed thebar 8 is lifted and the shaft'lO rocked. Shaft 10' carries an escapementlever ll, said lever supporting a spring pressed escapement pallet 12and a 'fixed'tooth 13, which coiiperates with teeth "on the escapementsegment 14--moui1ted on a vertical shaft 15. This escapement mechanismis fully set forth in the Belgian patent, but in the "present case, theescapement lever- 11 is loosely mounted on shaft 10 and may beraisedindependently inafter described. I

by the multiple zero mechanism to be here-- Shaft 10 carries afixed'lever 1 1 "which is providedwith a pin or projection 11" extending under the lower edge of lever 11.

- ment lever 11 is vibrated, but said escapement lever may be vibratedindependently. A. spring 11 connected to escapement lever 11 tends todepress same and normally hold it in its depressed position.

Pin 11 is normally below the edge of lever 11 so that when any key ingroup A is operated, the escapement lever will not be lifted until thekey approaches the lower limit of its depression. This enables the otherparts under control of the operated key to be positioned by said keybefore the escapement mechanism permits the traveling carriage to moveleftward one space.

16 represents a series of liftable stop bars each of which is providedwith a foot 16 resting upon th rear end of its controlling key bar. Thekey bars are of different lengths and the feet of the liftable stop barsareal so a different length, as shown in'Fig. 6, so that when a key baris operated its complementary stop bar will be lifted withoutinterfering with any of the other stop bars. The upper ends of thesestop bars 16 are'arranged in longitudinal alinement as shown in Figs. 3and l and constitute a longitudinal series of liftable stops, whosefunction is to arrest the horizontally movable stop pins when they aremoved in the traveling carriage by the push bar or lever 17, see F ig,3. This push lever is connected by a link 18' to a bell crank lever 19,whose lower horizontal member may be stepped at its-rear lower edge, asshown, to cooperate with shoulders 16 on the lower ends of the liftingbars 16, see Fig. 5. Thus when a key is depressed the shoulder 16vibrates the bell crank lever 19 and moves thepush lever 17' forwardly adistance commensurate with the value of the operated key. There is nozero lifting bar, and the 9 lifting bar is shortened so as not tocooperate, at its upper end, with a setting-up pin, said pin beingpositioned in the 9 position by the extremity of the slot in which it ismounted.

20 is a frame pivotally mounted upon the side framing of the-machine bymeans of a rod 21. The side members of this frame are in form ofchannels, see Fig. 11, in which are arranged rollers 22, upon thetraveling carriage side frames 23. These carriage frames are connectedtogether by members 24, between which are arranged spacing plates 25.These spacing plates are provided with flanges 25 at their upper andlower edges, see Fig. 14, and are also formed with a horizontallydisposed slot 25".

26 indicates a holding plate arranged in the channel of the spacingplate 25, said holding plate having legs 26 at each end by which it issupported in position. Teeth 26 on the lower edge of said plate projectslightly below the upper edge of slot 25 as shown in Fig. 11. Thisholding plate 26 has a slight vertical movement, as when displaced bythe movement of the setting-up looking from the rear of the machine, as

shown in Fig. 5, being in the path of movement of the push lever 16 andin whose path is also located the liftable stop bars.- Thus, wheneverakey is depressed, thepush lever moves the stop pin 27 in its pathforwardly until it is arrested by stop bar 16, which is cgincidentallylifted in front thereof. As before described, the depression of a keyalso operates the escapement mechanism as it approaches the low limit ofits movement, and after the setting up pin has been positioned, but thecarriage does not step leftwardly, because the spring pallet, when thekey is depressed, is released and the escapement segment is undercontrol of the fixed tooth 13. lVhen the key rises to permit therestoration. of the several parts, the fixed tooth moves downward awayfrom the escapement tooth and permits the carriage to move leftward onestep when the key bar is approaching its normal position.

Each of the stop bars 16 is preferably provided with a spring 16 toassist gravity in restoring said bars to their normal position. Thesesprings also restore the key bars to normal position.

The shaft 15 on which the escapement wheel l i is mounted is providedwith a segmental gear 15 at its upper end which meshes with rack 23 onthe side frame of the carriage. A spring 28, connected to the carriage,tends to move the same leftward when permitted to do so by theescapement mechanism.

lVhen the push lever moves the setting up pin 27 forwardly, theprojections 27 lift the holding plate 26 by passing under the inclinededges of the notches in the lower edge thereof, and when said setting-uppins reach their intended position, and the stop bar and push bar recedetherefrom, the notches in the lower edge of holding plate 26 engage 27and prevent the setting-up pin from being accidentally displaced.

The keys are successively depressed to set up an item in the machine bymoving the setting-up pins to different forward positions, and causingthe carriage to move leftwardly many steps as there are figures in theitem to be introduced into the machine. Thus the item to be introducedinto the machine maybe said to be represented by theposition of thesetting-up pins in the traveling carriage. c 1 7 'Means are provided tointroduce the num ber so represented inthe traveling carriage intoafield ofstop pins in a manner similar to that disclosedin-said Belgianpatent and this consists, as insaid 'Belgian'patent, of

a rock arm 29fon'one of the shafts-3 0 of the machine which rockarm isconnected by a link 31 to the freeend of frame 22. When ever the powershaft isoperated, as by pull ing the operating handle of the machine(not shown) or by pressing the motor key 1 32, shown in Fig. 1, thecarriage and its positioned setting-up pins are bodily lifted so as toraise the stop pins 33' into the paths ofshoulders onthe rack bars. pins33 are connected together in pairs by U- shaped springs 33 ,"wh-ichsprings tend to hold them elevated or depressed, as the case may be.When the carriage and its setting plate raises the zerostop' pins 33under its control so as to prevent movement of idle rack bars not to beactuated in the introduction of-the item into the totalizer wheels;

35 represents the rack bars which carry printing type36 at their forwardends, said printing'type being caused to make printing impressions bymeans of printing hammers 37 as described, in said Belgian" patent.These rack-bars. are provided with shoulders '35 to cooperate with thestop .pins 33'.

, Theplural setsof totalizers and their car- I rying mechanismsrespectively, the means for V actuating the rackbars. and. for causingone or both sets of totali'zers to be thrown into mesh therewith, themeans for introducing an item into aselected totalizer or "to take atotal therefrom, or transfer a number from one totalizer toanother,'makinga record of such transactionsby means of the printingmechanism'are fully described inthe Belgianpatent and will notbeldesc'ribed. in

detail here. They, howeven iare' valuable them maybe omitted ifdesired.--

The levers forv operating. the rack are shown at 38, and'thesearerestored by a bar 39 under the control of a slot incam 40, see Fig. 3.Theytotal may be taken from the forward totalizer wheels 41 by means ofthe mechanism controlled by the total key, 42,-

These stop and the total from the rear totalizer wheels 43 may be takenby mechanism controlled by the key '44 as stated in Belgian patent.Thereis also a decimal key 45 inthe key board similarto the decimal keyof the Belgian patent.

After an item has been introduced into the totaliz er, the several partsare restored to normal position in readiness for the introduction ofanother item in'a manner de-;

scribed in said a Belgian patent; Special means are provided m mypresent construction for restoring the setting uppins, this means.comprising a bar 46 which sweeps under. the traveling carnage andengages lower ends of said pins moving them to their home'position. Thisbar 46 is mounted in the end of a' lever 47 said lever 47 beingoperated, as the handle moves rearwardly,

by a rock arm "48 mounted on. the shaft, 30. This shaft 30 carries anarm 49 which en gages a sliding plate 50, (also under control oftheerror key bar 57) to restore the traveling carriage.

In the operation of ten key adding machines, if it is desired tointroduce an item.

containing a number of zeros as for instance $20,000.00 the key 2 isfirst struck and then the zero key is depressed six times, placing sixzeros successively in the thousands, hundreds, tens, units, dimes andcents columns.

My inventioncontemplates the use of multiple zero keys, and in theinstance under consideration after the 2 key 1s operated, the 6-mult1plezero. key will be operated so as to set up six zeros and save'repeatedoperations of the single zero key.

52 indicates multiplezero key in group B which key maybe of a difi'erentcolor from keys in group Ato' distinguish them.

Key bars 53 of these multiple zero keys are I pivoted upon the samepivot rod 7 upon which the key bars of the digit keys are mounted'The'ends of these key bars 50 are nested so as to be located under pins54 mounted in flanges 55eXtending from sleeve 55 fixed to theescapement' segment 14.

These pins cooperate, with individual friction spr ngs 56 WlllCll holdthem 1n any ad- .usted 'pos1t1on. These pins are also provided withflanges 54* which, overlap each other as shown in Fig. 6, so thatwhenany one of said pins'is raised it will carry with 3 it all oftheremaining pins to the rear 7 thereof, with respect .to the direction ofadjuncts to a machine of a' typeillustrated in the accompanyingdrawingsand I prefer that they-be employed, although some-of movement of theescapement segment, in

the introduction of an item intothe machine which movement is indicatedby an arrow 1n Figs. 7 and 9.

The rear end of the-single zero key ingroup A terminates under the rod8, but has nothing to do with the mechanism controlled by the multiple"keys; I The rear endiof the foremost pin when the parts are in normalposition, as shown in Fig. 7; the rear end of the key bar identifiedwith the 3 key terminates, under the first or advance pin 54, the bar 4under the second pin,and so on through the entire series, with the 7multiple key terminating under the neXt to the last pin. To make themultiple zero mechanism effective, one of the digit keys in group A mustfirst be operated. I do not mean by this that the multiple zeromechanism would be inoperative unless the digit key was first depressed,but that said mechanism would be ineffective. The operation of a digitkey advances the escapement segment one step in the direction of thearrow so as to place the first pin over the rear end of the key bar ofthe 2 multiple zero key, and so on. When the escapement segmentprogresses in the direction of the arrow, as for instance in introducing$1200.00 the depression of the 1 and 2 digit keys would place theforemost pin 54 out of control of the multiple zero key bars, but theremainder would be under control of said multiple zero keys. If now the4: multiple zero key is operated, it would raise the fourth pin, andwith it the remaining pins to the rear thereof, placing the pin directlyover the operated multiple zero key bar in position to strike a fixedstop 57 mounted upon the upper end of the post 57 extending up from thebase of the machine. The parts are so proportioned that the pin thatstrikes the stop plate 57 arrests the escapement wheel one tooth shortof the desired amount of movement. This is necessary in the co11struction shown, because the depression of a multiple zero key inoperating the esoape ment mechanism is similar to the depression of oneof the digit keys, that is, it raises the escapement bar 11 permittingthe pallet 12 to take a position which will permit the escapement wheelto advance one step when the key rises. Thus, in the example underconsideration, the depression of the t multiple zero key only permitsthe escapement segment under the impelling'action of the springconnected to the traveling carriage to move leftwardly a distance ofthree steps, the fourth step being taken when the key is permitted torise.

The purpose of raising all of the pins behind the one directly operatedis to prevent said pins from interfering with the rear end of theoperated multiple key bar, which lies in their path of movement. Thus,when the rear end of multiple key bar is raised to operate a pin, thefree movement of the escapement wheel segment would be interfered withby the lower ends of the pins to the rear of the one operted.

Means are provided for lifting the escapement lever 11 so that the fixedtooth 13 thereof may be raised out of engagement incense with theescapement teeth. This means consists of a bar or projection 60extending from a plate secured to lever 11 and lying over the ends. ofthe multiple zero key bars. Thenever a multiple zero key bar isoperated, lever 11 is raised so. as to lift the escapement lever 11 andraise the fixed tooth 13 past the teeth, thus releasing the escape mentsegment from all restraint and permitting its rotation until arrested bythe foremost pin coming in contact with the stop 57. The; plate, fromwhich projection 60 is bent, extends over the pins 54: in a curved line,as shown in Fig. 7, said extension being marked 61. When lever 11 israised, this curved extension is likewise lifted and does not interferein any way with the elevation of pins 54. After the escapement segmentis released and the pins arrest said segment to position the travelingcarriage leftward a distance of two or more spaces, depending upon thenumber of zeros to be introduced into the item, the restoration of lever11 will cause the curved extension 61 to restore all of the pins as bydepressing them to their normal position.

In the Stroh patent, hereinbefore referred to, the multiple zeromechanism is operated to set up two or more zero stop pins in thetraveling carriage as the carriage is moved laterally two or more spacesover the pro jection which lifts the zero stop pins into position. Thusthe zero stop pins are positively actuated whenever the multiple zerokey is depressed. This is not the case in my construction. Thedepression of a zero key merely effects the movement of the carriage twoor more steps laterally, but the position of the setting-up pins is notdisturbed. The horizontally movable setting-up pins in my constructionnormally lie in zero position, and, therefore, do not have to be movedto be placed in zero position and as said set ting-up pins do not act asstop pins for the rack. bars, it is obvious that by being per mitted toremain in zero position they will lift the zero stop pins above them sothat said field of stop pins will. correctly represent the itemintroduced by the lifting movement imparted to the several pins,including the zero pm.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, racks foractuating said totalizer, a stationary field of stops for co11- trollingsaid racks, a traveling carriage and a series of vertically disposedhorizontally adjustable setting-up pins arranged in said carriage.

2. In a calculatingmachine, the combination of a totalizer, actuatingracks therefor, a field of stop pins for controlling the movement ofsaid racks, a traveling carriage, a series of horizontally adjustablesetting-up pins mounted in said carriage and means for 3. Inacalculating machine, the combina-' tion of atraveling carriage, aseries of horizontally ad ustable setting-up pins arranged in saidcarriage, friction plates for holding said pins in adjusted positions, apush lever for adjusting said pins, and a stop bar for limiting themovement of said pins.

l. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriagehaving a series of longitudinally movable setting-up pins, frictionplates for holding said pins in ad justed positions, an escapementmechanism for controlling the step by step movement of said carriage, apush lever for moving saidv setting-up pins as they are successivelybrought under its control, and a series of stop bars for arrestingthesetting-up pins in different positions.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, aseries of setting-up pins mounted in said carriage, friction plates forholding said pins in adjusted positions, an escapement mechanism forcontrolling themovement of said carriage and its setting-up pins, aseries of digit keys, stop bars which are positioned by said keysrespectively, and a push lever under control of all of said digit keys,the movement of said push lever being proportionate to the position ofthe stop bar arrested by the re spective keys. I 6. In a calculatingmachine, the combination of a traveling carriage, a series ofhorizontally movable setting-up pins, a stationary field of stop pinscooperating therewith, and means for holding said setting-up pins intheir adjusted position against accidental displacement.

7. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, aseries of horizontally movable setting-up pins -mounted therein, saidpins being held against vertical displacement relative to' saidcarriage, individual means for frictionally holding said pins in theiradjusted positions, and a stationary field of stop pins I cooperatingtherewith.

8. The combination of a laterally movable carriage and its escapementmechanism, of

a series of pins carried by the escapement,

10. In a calculating machine,the combinar' tion with a field of, stoppins, multiple zero keys any one of which is in control of two or morezero, stops in said field, and a series of setting-up pins interposedbetween said multiple-zero keys and'said field of stops.

- 11. In a calculating machine, the combinationof a traveling. carriageandescapement mechanism in control thereof, a part movable with saidcarriage, a series of stop pins carried by said part, and multiple zerokeys cooperating with said stop pins.

12. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, apart movable therewith, stop pins carried by said part, multiple zerokeys in control of said stop pins, an escapement mechanism for saidcarriage, and means controlled by said I multiple zero keys forrendering said escapement mechanism inoperative whenever any of saidkeys are operated.

18. In acalculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriage andits series. of settlng-up plns, a part movable wlth sald and a series ofmultiple zero keys in control of said escapement mechanism and saidpins.

14:. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriage,an escapement mechanism therefor, including an escapement segment, stoppins carried by said segment, astationary stop with which said pinscooperate, connections between said pins whereby when any one pin of theseries is lifted, all the other pins to the rear there of are likewiselifted, and multiple zero keys in control ofsaid pins and saidescapement mechanism whereby whenever a multiple,

zero key is operated, escapement mechanism is moved out of control ofsaidescapement mechanism.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination of a traveling carriageand its escapement mechanism, multiple zero keys and their associateparts which are in control of said carriage and its escapementmechanism, and means whereby said carriage is spaced laterally adistance short of the desired movement upon the depression of themultiple zero key, the release of said multiple zero key causing saidcarriage to move another space.

16. In a calculating machine, the combi nation of a stationarytotalizer, racks for actuating said totalizer, a stationary field v ofstops for controlling said racks, a traveling carriage and a series ofvertically disposed horizontally adjustable setting-up pins arranged insaid carriage and movable transversely the direction of movement of saidcarriage.

17. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuatingracks there for, a stationary field of stop pins for controlling themovement of said racks, a traveling carriage, a series of setting-uppins movable transversely the direction of movement of said carriage,keys for successively positioning said setting-up pins, and means forlifting said setting-up pins to position the stop pins.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my 15 signature in the presence oftwo Witnesses, this 27th day of July, 1909.

WILLIAM WV. HOPKINS.

Witnesses ALMA GEBHARD, LENORE CLARK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

